Сравнение блокчейнов

Блокчейны TON, Solana и Ethereum основаны на модели Proof-of-Stake. При этом TON опережает в производительности и гибкости, благодаря уникальным архитектурным решениям и реализации.

Вступление

Вступление

Since the original TON whitepaper in 2017, blockchain technology has evolved. Here, we compares TON with two other prominent layer-1 blockchains: Solana and Ethereum. Both Solana and Ethereum position themselves as ideal platforms for mass adoption. However, it remains to be seen if they can meet the high expectations of developers and users.

TON

TON is a multi-chain project that supports a wide range of transactions.

Ethereum

In 2022, Ethereum underwent a significant upgrade, introducing the Beacon Chain with up to 64 shard chains. However, this upgrade offers limited cross-chain communication.

Solana

Solana is a single-chain blockchain designed for high-speed, specialized transactions.

End-users primarily value transfer fees and reliability, but they also rely on the technical parameters analyzed here.
Read the whitepaper

Сравнение TON, Ethereum и Solana

Создание блока 
Подтверждение блока 
Скорость простых транзакций 
Скорость сложных транзакций 
Шардинг 
Кроссшард коммуникации 
TON
5 сек.
Менее 6 сек.
Высокая
Высокая

Макс. 260 шардов в воркчейне

Почти мгновенно
Ethereum
12 сек.
Потенциально высокая
Низкая

Макс. до 26 шардов

Долгое подтверждение блока
Solana
1 сек.
6.4 сек.
Высокая
Нет
Нет

TON

Ethereum

Solana

Создание блока 
5 сек.
12 сек.
1 сек.
Подтверждение блока 
Менее 6 сек.
6.4 сек.
Скорость простых транзакций 
Высокая
Потенциально высокая
Высокая
Скорость сложных транзакций 
Высокая
Низкая
Шардинг 

Макс. 260 шардов в воркчейне

Макс. до 26 шардов

Нет
Кроссшард коммуникации 
Почти мгновенно
Долгое подтверждение блока
Нет

Создание и подтверждение блока

Создание и подтверждение блока

Block time and time-to-finality are key indicators of transaction speed, essential for consumer products. Quicker block generation means shorter waits for money transfers or smart contract executions.

TON

TON creates a new block on each shardchain and the masterchain roughly every 5 seconds. Blocks on all shardchains are made almost at the same time, while the masterchain's block, containing the latest shardchain block hashes, follows about a second later.

Ethereum

Ethereum uses slots and epochs to manage time. A slot lasts 12 seconds, during which a validator can propose a new Beacon Chain or shardchain block. An epoch consists of 32 slots, totaling 6.4 minutes. Block finality in Ethereum requires at least two epochs, leading to a minimum time-to-finality of 12.8 minutes.

Solana

Solana claims to create one block every second or faster, but it has a longer block finalization process. A block typically finalizes after 16 voting rounds, each round taking about 400 milliseconds, leading to a finalization time of approximately 6.4 seconds.

Производительность

Производительность

Blockchain performance is key to processing smart contracts on a large scale, essential for complex applications like DeFi, GameFi, and DAOs.

TON

TON is a Turing-complete, high-performance blockchain designed to handle complex transactions on both its masterchain and all workchains.

Ethereum

Ethereum's Turing-complete EVM operates on the Beacon Chain, capped at 15 transactions per second. The absence of cross-shard interactions restricts additional transactions from being processed in a fully decentralized manner.

Solana

Solana, while Turing-complete, excels primarily with a high volume of simple, predefined transaction types that only modify account balances. Its performance is optimal when all account data fits into RAM; deviations from this can lead to operational issues.

Масштабируемость

Масштабируемость

Scalability is closely linked to the number of users and their activities, including transactions, smart contract executions, and infrastructure requests.

TON

TON features workchains and dynamic sharding, allowing for up to 232 workchains. Each workchain can split into as many as 260 shardchains, facilitating nearly instant communication across shards and chains. This structure enables the processing of millions of transactions per second.

Ethereum

Ethereum будет поддерживать до 64 шардчейнов и Beacon Chain. На текущий момент точные характеристики, возможности и процесс коммуникации между шардчейнами неизвестны. Тем не менее, если обмен сообщениями между шардчейнами появится, время подтверждения шардчейн-блока, содержащего сообщение, составит 10-15 минут — и только после этого сообщение сможет обработать другой шардчейн. Более того, дополнительные шарды не поддерживают запуск EVM смарт-контрактов и могут использоваться только как дополнительное распределенное хранилище данных.

Solana

Solana does not support sharding or workchains.

Заключение

Заключение

TON stands out as one of the few truly scalable blockchain projects. It is one of the most advanced in its ability to handle millions, and potentially tens of millions, of true Turing-complete smart contract transactions per second. For further analysis of TON, Solana, and Ethereum, refer to the PDF linked below.
Read the whitepaper
Последнее обновление: 21 февраля 2023
The language of your region is automatically used. Change to English?